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1 пищевая цепь
пищевая цепь
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
food chain
A sequence of organisms on successive trophic levels within a community, through which energy is transferred by feeding; energy enters the food chain during fixation by primary producers (mainly green plants) and passes to the herbivores (primary consumers) and then to the carnivores (secondary and tertiary consumers). (Source: LBC)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > пищевая цепь
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2 цезий
цезий
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
caesium
A soft silvery-white and highly reactive metal belonging to the alkali group of metals. It is a radiation hazard, because it can occur in two radioactive forms. Caesium-134 is produced in nuclear reactors, not directly by fission, but by the reaction. It emits beta- and gamma-radiation and has a half-life of 2.06 years. Caesium-137 is a fission product of uranium and occurs in the fallout from nuclear weapons. It emits beta- and gamma-rays and has a half-life of 30 years. Caesium-137 was the principal product released into the atmosphere, and hence the food chain, from atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons and from the Windscale fire and Chernobyl nuclear accidents. After the Chernobyl accident, which spread a radiation cloud across Europe, the European Commission proposed new and more restrictive limits on levels of caesium in food and drinking water. (Source: WRIGHT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > цезий
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3 компост из сточного ила и отходов
компост из сточного ила и отходов
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
refuse-sludge compost
Compost derived by the biodegradation of the organic constituents of solid wastes and wastewater sludges. The major public health issues associated with composting using solid wastes mixed with sewage sludge are pathogens, heavy metal, and odors. The heat generated during composting, as a result of the activities of thermophilic organisms, is capable of killing bacteria, viruses, protozoa and helminths present in sewage sludge. The metallic elements in sludge of greatest concern to human health are cadmium, lead, arsenic, selenium, and mercury. Only cadmium is normally found in sewage sludge at levels which, when applied to soils, can be absorbed by plants, and accumulate in edible parts, thereby entering the food chain. (Source: CORBIT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > компост из сточного ила и отходов
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4 полихлорированный бифенил
полихлорированный бифенил
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
polychlorinated biphenyl
PCBs are a family of chemical compounds which do not exist in nature but which are man-made. Commercial mixtures are clear, pale yellow liquids, manufactured by the replacement of hydrogen atoms on the biphenyl molecule by chlorine. Because of their physical properties, PCBs are commonly found in electrical equipment which requires dielectric fluid such as power transformers and capacitors, as well as in hydraulic machinery, vacuum pumps, compressors and heat-exchanger fluids. Other uses include: lubricants, fluorescent light ballasts, paints, glues, waxes, carbonless copy paper, inks including newspapers, dust-control agents for dirt roads, solvents for spreading insecticides, cutting oils. PCBs are stable compounds and although they are no longer manufactured they are extremely persistent and remain in huge quantities in the atmosphere and in landfill sites. They are not water-soluble and float on the surface of water where they are eaten by aquatic animals and so enter the food chain. PCBs are fat-soluble, and are therefore easy to take into the system, but difficult to excrete. (Source: PZ / PHC)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > полихлорированный бифенил
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5 хлорированный углеводород
хлорированный углеводород
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
chlorinated hydrocarbon
A class of persistent, broad-spectrum insecticides that linger in the environment and accumulate in the food chain. Among them are DDT, aldrin, dieldrin, heptachlor, chlordane, lindane, endrin, mirex, hexachloride, and toxaphene. In insects and other animals these compounds act primarily on the central nervous system. They also become concentrated in the fats of organisms and thus tend to produce fatty infiltration of the heart and fatty degeneration of the liver in vertebrates. In fishes they have the effect of preventing oxygen uptake, causing suffocation. They are also known to slow the rate of photosynthesis in plants. Their danger to the ecosystem resides in their rate stability and the fact that they are broad-spectrum poisons which are very mobile because of their propensity to stick to dust particles and evaporate with water into the atmosphere. (Source: EPAGLO / PORT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > хлорированный углеводород
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6 эффект переноса
эффект переноса
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
carry-over effect
Effect caused by the successive passages of polluting substances through the different organisms of a food chain. (Source: RRDA)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > эффект переноса
См. также в других словарях:
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food chain — n the food chain all animals and plants considered as a group in which a plant is eaten by an insect or animal, which is then eaten by another animal and so on ▪ Pollution is affecting many creatures lower down the food chain … Dictionary of contemporary English
food chain — food chains N COUNT: usu sing The food chain is a series of living things which are linked to each other because each thing feeds on the one next to it in the series. The whole food chain is affected by the over use of chemicals in agriculture … English dictionary
food chain — ► NOUN ▪ a series of organisms each dependent on the next as a source of food … English terms dictionary
food chain — food′ chain n. Ecol. ecl a series of organisms interrelated in their feeding habits, the smallest being fed upon by a larger one, which in turn feeds a still larger one • Etymology: 1925–30 … From formal English to slang
food chain — n. Ecol. a sequence (as grass, rabbit, fox) of organisms in a community in which each member feeds on the one below it … English World dictionary
food chain — noun (ecology) a community of organisms where each member is eaten in turn by another member • Topics: ↑ecology, ↑bionomics, ↑environmental science • Hypernyms: ↑organic phenomenon • Part Holonyms: ↑ … Useful english dictionary
food chain — 1. Ecol. a series of organisms interrelated in their feeding habits, the smallest being fed upon by a larger one, which in turn feeds a still larger one, etc. 2. the chain from a food source to the ultimate consumer. [1925 30] * * * Sequence of… … Universalium
Food Chain — Das System des Agribusiness Agribusiness oder auch Agrobusiness bezeichnet als Anglizismus (aus dem englischen „agriculture“ und „business“) neben der Landwirtschaft auch die ihr vor und nachgelagerten wirtschaftlichen Aktivitäten. Gemeinsam… … Deutsch Wikipedia
food chain — UK / US noun [countable, usually singular] Word forms food chain : singular food chain plural food chains 1) biology the natural process in which one living thing is eaten by another, which is then eaten by another, etc Antibiotics used for… … English dictionary